Exhaust device for internal combustion engines



May 26, 1942. P. E. MERCIER EXHAUST DEVICE FOR NTERNAL COMBUSTIO N ENGINES Filed Jan. 50, 1940 R m C R mm W Mm M E v..- Dl E M sw o Patented May 26, 1942 ExnAUs'rpEvroE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION- ENGINES Pierre Ernest Mercier, Paris, France Application January 30, 1940, Serial No. 316,321 In France February 1, 1939 8 Claims. (CI. 60-29) The present invention relates to improvements in exhaust devices for internal combustion en-.

gines, more particularly as applied to flying machines.

When the presence of a wind screen or of any hindrance in the vicinity of the exhaust parts makes impossible to use separate exhaust pipes distributed along the whole periphery of a cowling-motor block, which is circular, or the like,

the invention providesfor the use of individual flared mouth pipes which, instead of ending in the open air, enter tangentially {toroidal space common to several cylinders. The exhaust of gases admitted in the exhaust manifold enclosing the said toroidal space is preferably managed along blade openings also tangentially to the toroidal surface of the exhaust manifold. This arrangement has the advantage .of ensuring a good distribution of the speeds of gases in the interior of the manifold by the effect of the helicoidal displacement of such gases, contrary to the normal practice which gives way to irregular whirling phenomena and thus increases the loss of pressure which the gases have to overcome in order to get out and facilitates the occurrence of flames at the level of the exhaust openings.

In order to increase the ease of manufacture and of repair inherent to individual exhaust pipes,the manifold according to the invention is preferably made'of similar or identical elements, each of which is formed by the insertion of Figure 2 and'Fig ure BA is a similar section on 'line IIIA-JIIA of Figure 2, while Figures 4 and 5 show the manner in which two adjacent elements of the manifold are assembled. There are shown in the figures at I, the external contour of the cowling, at 2 one of the engines cylinders, at 3 an individual flared mouth pipe, such as commonly used, inserted tangenof a cylinder pipe on a toroidal section, all such elements being connected together by means'of removable collars, also used for fixing the manifold in the cowling.

The outlet slots towards the open air, may with advantage be directed along the extension of a cylinder pipe and bedistributed at any places on the manifold, if the same is continuous. If not, there must be at least one outlet slot at each end of a partial manifold.

In the last case, the use of the manifold may be limited to the region where direct exhaust is to be avoided, separate flame-screens being used in the other regions of the motor cowling.

The invention is illustrated by way of example by means of the appended drawing which relates to the particular case, of a continuous manifold and to its application to an engine with radially disposed cylinders.

Figure 1 is a partial side view of a device according to the invention, in its cowling.

Figure 2 is a face. elevation ,of thesame.

Figure 3 isa partials-'ection along line tially into manifold 4. Number 5 is a two use pipe comprising the combination of the insertion of an individual flared mouth pipe with an outlet slot l0.

By. way of additional example, there is a schematically shown at 6 the carburetter which, according to a special disposition, is fed from the bottom by means of an air duct 1 originating at the rear.

Itvis easily visible in Figure 2 that the manifold is made of neighbouringsegments, such as 8 and 9, one method of junction of which is visible in Figures 4 and 5 which disclose small swells H, l2

on sections 8, 9 caught in a curved section ring made of two parts I3, I! hinged at I! and having a lock l5 retained closed by a pin |B.-

The invention is, of course, not limited to the.

modifications described and shown by way of examples, but is susceptible of numerous adaptations which the man of the art may introduce according to the kind of engine to be equipped,

theshapeof the cowling, etc.

What I claim is:

the toroidal axis. and connecting upon the exterior of the manifold tangentially into the interior of said manifold, an' eng'ine cowling, anda plurality of flared mouth outlet pipes opening tangentially" from the interior of said manifold and tangentially to the engine'cowlingin a common direction substantially parallel to said axis into the open air.

2. An exhaust device for internal combustion engines comprising in combination, 'a toroidal manifold, which is transversely of substantially round cross section, a plurality of flared mouth pipes opening individually from said cylinders in a common direction substantially parallel to the toroidal axis and connecting upon the exterior of the" manifold tangentially by a slot into the interior of said manifold, an engine cowling, and

a plurality offlared mouth outlet pipes opening unseemly from the interior of said manifold and tangentially by a slot'to the engine cowling in a common direction substantially said axis into the open air.

3. An exhaust device for'intemal combustion engines comprising in combination, an engine cowl-lug, a toroidal manifold constituted of a plurality of slightly arched units along itsperiphery, each having asubstantiallrround transverse cross section, a plurality 'ofwindividual flared mouth pipes, eachof them opening in a direction substantially parallelto the toroidal axis from one cylinder tangentially exteriorly upon said periphery by a slot into the interior of one section of the said manifold "and a plurality of flared mouth outlet pipes each of them opening 4. An exhaust device for internal combustion engines comprising in combination, an engine parallel to 7 tangentially from said manifold and tangentially I by slots to the engine cowling in a common direction substantially parallel to said axis into the .open air.

cowling, a toroidal manifold constituted of a plurality of slightly arched units along its periphery,

by slots to the engine cowlingin a common direc- 'tion, substantially parallelto said axis into the open air and there being removable collars serv ing to secure said manifold unitsone to the other and in the common engine cowling, land swells or flanges upon said ,units cooperating with said collars. I

5. An exhaust device for internal combustion engines comprising, in combination, an engine cowling, a toroidal manifold constituted of a plurality of slightly arched units along its periphery, eachhaving a substantially round transverse cross section, a plurality of individual flared mouth pipes each of themv opening in adirection a substantially parallel to the'toroldal axis; from one;cy linder,- tangentially; exteriorly upon said "by a slot into the interiorof one ,sec-

hepsjaid manifold and aplurality of flared tion mouth outlet pipes each of them opening tangentiallylfrom said manifold and tangentially by slots to the engine cowling in a common direction a substantially parallel to said axis intothe open 1 vair and there being, removable collars serving to, secure said manifold units one to theother and in the common enginercowling, and swells or flanges upon saidunits'cooperating with said collars, the said exhaust devicecomprising also individual flared pipes openingdirectlyfrom the cylinders into the open airiindepend'ently of any passage into themanifoil.

device for internal combustion 5. An exha t them openingin a direc-V engines comprising, in combination, an engine 'cowling, a toroidal manifold constituted of a plurality of slightly arched units along its periphery, each having a substantially round trans-: verse cross section, a plurality of individual flared mouth pipes, each of them opening in'a directionsubstantially parallel to the toroidal axis from one cylinder ,tan'gentiallyaexteriorly upon said periphery by aslot into the interior of one section ofthesaid manifold and "a: plurality vof flared mouth outlet pipes each of them opening tan-1 gentially from the exterior of said manifold and tangentially by slots to the engine oowling in a common'direction substantially parallel ,to the, toroidal'axis into the ropenair and there being removable'collars serving to securesaid manifold units one tojthe other and in the common f engine-cowling, and swells or flanges upon said unit's cooperating with said collars, the number of outlet pipes being inferior to the number of cylinder pipes. I I

7.1m exhaust device for internal combustion engines comprising-, in combination, an engine cowling, a toroidal manifold constituted .of a plurality of slightly arched units along its periphery, each having a substantlallyround cross, section, a pluralityof individual flared mouth pipes, each of them opening in a direction substantially parallel to the toroidal axis from'one cylinder tangentially exteriorlyupon said'pei'iphery by a slot into the interior of one sectionfof the said manifold and a plurality of flared mouth outlet pipes each of them opening tangentially from the exterior of said manifold andtangentially'by slots to the enginecowling'inafcommon direction substantially parallel to the toroidal axis into the open air and there being'removable collars serving to secure said manifold, units one to the other, and swells or flanges upon said units cooperating with said collars, and in the 1 common engine-cowlingthe toroidal, manifold extending over atleast part of the complete circumference. 'X f a- 8. An exhaust device for'internal combustion engines comprising, in combination, an engine a cowling, aj'toroidal' manifold constituted ,of .a plurality of slightly arched units along its periphery, each havinga substantially round transverse cross section,'a plurality ofindividual flared mouth pipes, each ofhthem opening in a direction substantially parallelto the toroidal, axis from one cylinder tangentiallyexteriorly upon said'p'eriphery by'a slot, into the interior ofone section of thesaid manifold and a, plural! of flared mouth outlet pipes each of them opening tangentially from the-exterior of said manifold and tangentially by slots to the engine cowling in a common direction substantially parallel to said axis into the openair and there being removable collars servingto securesaid manifold units one to the other and in the common engine-' cowling, only some of thetoroidal manifold sections-being provided with the flared pipes.

. v v PIERRE ERNEST MERCER. 

